الدرس البلاغي العربي ومقولات التداولية الغربية مقاربة إنسانية بين صيغ العقود والفعل الإنجازي عند "سورل"

Résumé

Common humanity is the greatest guarantor of people meeting, no matter how different religions, sects and languages are, and no matter how far apart the times and homes are; Because human humanity imposes on him ways of thinking and expression - in order to remove harm and bring benefit - so that life can be straightened for him.

Perhaps the most prominent of such human encounters were philosophers, thinkers, and linguists. The first Arab rhetoricians thought about this human thinking and expressed it through their study of the ongoing conversations between people. And they make the speech tow part, constative and performative , this one (perform) content – in considering its two parts- order, interrogation, wish, exclamation, appeal, pray and it includes the formulas of contracts. Then they looked at one of the types of these expressions that arose from a pragmatic thought, with which needs are met, deals and contracts are concluded. Those formulas are sentences but they was describing with pronunciations because its pronunciation is being during  the contract, so it creates decisions  according to the time nothing else, ( related to pronunciation). The rhetorical lesson counted these expressions as performative, although it is constative,  meaning that they analyze it in an instantaneous study, according to the consequent change in the behavior and lives of the contracting parties.

This rhetorical proposition is similar to what the Oxford philosophers presented in the modern Western deliberative achievement, and what J. Austin (1911-1960) brought about reformulating the concept of performation, and what his student J. Searle (1932- Contemporary) completed in the  perform verbs , and his five-fold division of them from one point of view, is to accompany these words with actions, meaning that the saying (constructive act) is equal to the action ( human behavior), meaning that the saying is the perform - as he put it -.

This research paper attempts to look at this convergence in thinking and expression between the Arabic rhetoric categories in their talk about contract terms, and what pragmatic linguistics presented in their talk about the performing act, which is a pure human rapprochement.